第9問:科学と環境(語彙→内容一致・10問)

本文を読んで、まず 語彙の同意表現 Q1–Q5、次に 内容一致 Q6–Q10 に答えましょう。解説は採点後に表示されます。ダミー選択肢は本文に近いが一部ズレた表現を含みます。

本文(Paragraphs)

Paragraph 1
Modern cities rely heavily on public works and transportation networks. Roads, bridges, ports, and power systems are all part of the basic (infrastructure) that lets people move, trade, and communicate efficiently. Without steady investment and maintenance, these systems age and fail, causing delays, accidents, and widespread disruption to daily life.
Paragraph 2
Health experts emphasize the importance of proper (nutrition) for both individuals and societies. A balanced diet supports growth, strengthens the immune system, and helps prevent disease. Conversely, diets high in sugar and fat often lead to long‑term problems such as diabetes and heart disease, which place a heavy burden on families and healthcare systems.
Paragraph 3
The Earth can be divided into two halves by the equator, and each (hemisphere) experiences opposite seasons. While it is summer in the north, it is winter in the south, and vice versa. This pattern influences agriculture, migration, and even the timing of disease outbreaks across regions.
Paragraph 4
Farmers have long used chemicals to protect crops from insects and fungi. A (pesticide) can prevent serious damage, but if it is overused or mishandled, it may pollute soil and water or harm beneficial species. To address these risks, researchers are developing safer biological alternatives and training programs for careful application.
Paragraph 5
Scientific research usually follows a clear (procedure). First, a hypothesis is proposed; then experiments are designed and data collected under controlled conditions. Finally, results are analyzed and shared with the community, so that other scientists can test, repeat, and improve the findings.

注釈(本文全体)

  • Conversely:逆に / diabetes:糖尿病
  • vice versa:逆もまた然り / fungi:菌類

設問

語彙(同意表現):Q1–Q5
Q1 “infrastructure” に最も近い意味はどれ?
Q2 “nutrition” に最も近い意味はどれ?
Q3 “hemisphere” に最も近い意味はどれ?
Q4 “pesticide” に最も近い意味はどれ?
Q5 “procedure” に最も近い意味はどれ?
内容一致:Q6–Q10(似ているがズレたダミー入り)
Q6 What happens if infrastructure is not maintained?
Q7 What is one effect of poor nutrition?
Q8 What happens when it is summer in the northern hemisphere?
Q9 What is a risk of pesticide use?
Q10 Why do scientists follow a procedure?
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